Classic, Golden Age of Perikles, 480-350 BCE (450 BCE)
Late Hellenism 350-100 BCE (350-100 BCE)
Roman Empire 100BCE-315 CE
Early Christian/Byzantine 315-750 C.E  (some sources say the Byzantine style survived all the way to 1450)
Romanesque 800-1150 C.E.
Gothic 1150-1350 C.E.
verism
Republic
Patrician
pater
  
 

Left:
A Roman Patrician 
with Busts of his Ancestors,
late 1st C BCE Marble, lifesize
Roman Republican period
 

Right:
Head of a Roman Patrician 
from Otricoli,
c75-50 BCE 
Marble approx. 14"
Museo Torlonia, Rome
Republican period

 
 
 
 
Head of an unknown Roman.
terra cotta with traces of color.
1st C BCE 
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Republican Period

 
 
 
 

Young Flavian Woman. 
c 90 CE marble, height 25" 
Museo Capitolino, Rome
Empire Period

Middle Aged 
Flavian Woman. 
c 20 CE marble, height 25" 
Museo Capitolino, Rome
Empire Period

 


 
 
 

Greek, Classic, Polykleitos,
"Doryphoros" c450BCE
Portrait of Augustus 
as General, 
from Primaporta Rome, 
Italy. c20 B.C., 6'8''.
Vatican Museum, Rome
Augustan Period
nephew of Julius

Title   Augustus of Primaporta 

artist  anonymous (not known) 

Region/Country Rome, Italy 

period/style name Classic/Roman 

approximate dates 20 BCE or 1st CE

 

 Aulus Metellus 
1C BCE
Arringatore Orator
Etruscan,

According to Professor Farber, this is 
called ad locutio gesture 
that traditionally conveyed 
the power of speech in Roman art." 
Portrait of Augustus 
as General, 
from Primaporta Rome, 
Italy. c20 B.C., 6'8''.
Vatican Museum, Rome
Augustan Period
nephew of Julius

 
 

apotheosis
nike
Cupid
Augustus from Prima Porta 20 BCE
nephew of Julius
The cuirass of the statue signifies Augustus as the leader of military power. 

The breastplate is covered with figures and is a complex of Augustan and Tiberian propaganda. 

It commemorates Augustus' victory over the Parthians in 20 B.C. The figures on the breastplate have a cosmic setting. 

According to popular viewpoint, at the top is Caelus, the sky god. 

Below him are the Sun god, Sol in a four horse chariot and Aurora riding a female figure. 

On the left is a figure of Hispania (Spain) and at the right a captive female barbarian. Apollo and his lyre on a winged griffin and Diana on the back of a stag that crowned the Arch of Gaius Octavius on the Palatine come beneath. 

Below, the Mother Earth Tellus reclines and cradles two babies and a cornucopia full of fruits. 

Both the images of the sky god and the Mother Earth imply peace that results from the victory. The gods on the breastplate suggests that Augustus' victory has a cosmic favor. 

Greek, Classic, Polykleitos,
Doryphoros c450BCE
Portrait of Augustus 
as General, 
from Primaporta Rome, 
Italy. c20 B.C., 6'8''.
Vatican Museum, Rome
Augustan Period
nephew of Julius