Geometric Period 1050-700 BCE (700 BCE)
Orientalizing Period 700-600 BCE (600 BCE)
Archaic Period 600-480 BCE (600 BCE)
Classic, Golden Age of Perikles, 480-350 BCE (450 BCE)
Late Hellenism 350-100 BCE (350-100 BCE)

What period/style are we in?
 

Plato
Pronunciation: 'plA-(")tO
circa 428-348 (or 347) B.C. Greek philosopher; disciple of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle; with them laid philosophical foundations of Western culture

Plato's ideas on art.
Plato's Republic
mimesis - imitation.  Things that appear in nature are reflections of universal essences, the True, the Good, and the Beautiful.
Art is a shadow.

Kouros,
c600 BCE 
6' 4" marble
Archaic, Greece
Fig 249 Doryphoros, 
also called the
Spear Bearer, or Canon, 
or Kanon by Polykleitos, 
c450BCE
Roman copy of a Classic, Greek		 The Classical World
Evolution
 
 

Charles Darwin
"theory of evolution"

Ernst H. Gombrich
"schema and correction"

form

iconography

context
Kouros,
c600 BCE 
6' 4" marble
Archaic, Greece
Fig 249 Doryphoros, 
also called the
Spear Bearer, or Canon, 
or Kanon by Polykleitos, 
c450BCE
Roman copy of a Classic, Greek 		 stylize vt stylized ; stylizing (1898): to conform to a conventional style; specif: to represent or design according to a style or stylistic pattern rather than according to nature or tradition -- styl.i.za.tion n 

naturalistic, realistic (representing what is real; not abstract or ideal) "realistic portraiture"; "a realistic novel"; "in naturalistic colors"; "the school of naturalistic writers"

ideal adj [ME ydeall, fr. LL idealis, fr. L idea] (15c) 1: existing as an archetypal idea 2 a: existing as a mental image or in fancy or imagination only; broadly: lacking practicality b: relating to or constituting mental images, ideas, or conceptions 3 a: of, relating to, or embodying an ideal b: conforming exactly to an ideal, law, or standard: perfect <an ~ gas>--compare real 2b(3) 4: of or relating to philosophical idealism ²

ideal n (15c) 1: a standard of perfection, beauty, or excellence 2: one regarded as exemplifying an ideal and often taken as a model for imitation 3: an ultimate object or aim of endeavor: goal 
kalos
contrapposto
kanon

can·on
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English, from Late Latin, from Latin, ruler, rule, model, standard, from Greek kanOn
Date: before 12th century
4 a : an accepted principle or rule b: a criterion or standard of judgment c : a body of principles, rules, standards, or norms
1 a : a regulation or dogma decreed by a church council b : a provision of canon law
2 [Middle English, prob. from Old French, from Late Latin, from Latin, model] : the most solemn and unvarying part of the Mass including the consecration of the bread and wine
3 [Middle English, from Late Latin, from Latin, standard] a : an authoritative list of books accepted as Holy Scripture b : the authentic works of a writer c: a sanctioned or accepted group or body of related works <the canon of great literature>
5 [Late Greek kanOn, from Greek, model] : a contrapuntal musical composition in two or more voice parts in which the melody is imitated exactly and completely by the successive voices though not always at the same pitch
synonym see LAW
 

 
schema

Fig. 249 Polykleitos Doryphoros  Marble Height 84 in. 450 BCE Roman copy after lost bronze original. 
Classic Greek

correction

Fig 606. Lysippos, Apoxyomenos (The Scraper) Marble Height 6 ft. 8 ½ in. c. 350-325 BCE Roman copy of an original Greek bronze by Lysippos. 
Hellenistic Period
 

 

Greek, Classic, Polykleitos, 
Doryphoros c450BCE

cire perdue (lost wax process)

Greek, Classic, Polykleitos, 
"Doryphoros" c450BCE

Young Warriors, (Riace Bronzes) found in the sea off Riace, Italy. 
c. 460-450 BCE. Bronze with bone and glass eyes, silver teeth, and copper lips and nipples, height 6'8" (2.03 m)  Classic Greek


Greek Classic, Riace Warrior c450BCE
Greek, Archaic, Kouros c600 BCE 6' 4" marble

 

Fig. 410  Kouros (also known as the Kritios Boy
and "Ephebe of Kritios") 
Marble Height 36 in. c. 480 BCE 
possibly by Kritios, 
 Greek, Classic,
contrapposto

Greek, Classic, Kritios, 
"Ephebe of Kritios" c480BCE
Greek, Classic, 
"Blond Boy's Head" c480BCE
How to get a head! (Gombrich's way)



Sargon of Akkad c2300-2200BCE
Akkadian c2300
Kouros c600 BCE

Kouros c600 BCE